These summaries were prepared by McGuireWoods LLP lawyer Thomas E. Spahn. They are based on the letter opinions issued by the Virginia State Bar. Any editorial comments reflect Mr. Spahn's current personal views, and not the opinions of the Virginia State Bar, McGuireWoods or its clients. 
 
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16-Lawyer's Personal Interests

18-Consent and Prospective Waivers

31-Protecting and Disclosing Confidences and Secrets

40-Trust Accounts

50-Lawyer-Owned Businesses

58-Real Estate Lawyers

A lawyer's ownership interest in a title insurance agency is not per se improper, but the lawyer must: follow all conflicts rules; completely separate the lawyer's law practice from any title insurance agency; and avoid any revelation of client confidences. The lawyer may not: be compensated by the title insurance agency based on the referrals of clients to the agency; receive a fixed salary unless it is related to the work performed for the agency; receive any interest earned on funds deposited in the agency's trust account; or arrange for the agency to pay for any law firm salaries, services or advertisements.It is per se improper for the lawyer to represent a party in a transaction if the lawyer "directly or indirectly performs the function of a Title Insurance Agent" for the transaction, or holds a license as a Title Insurance Agent. A lawyer may arrange for title insurance through the agency to one of the lawyer's clients only: with consent after full disclosure; and if the transaction is not "unconscionable, unfair or inequitable when made." The Bar indicates that "all doubts regarding the sufficiency of the disclosure must be resolved in favor of the client, and against the attorney." The disclosure should be in writing and accepted by the client in writing, and should include an explanation of the cost and the availability of alternatives. (Revised 2/15/95) [Under Rule 1.8(a), a lawyer may not enter into a "business transaction" with a client unless the client is given an opportunity to seek independent advice, and there has been full disclosure and consent in writing.]

Copyright 2000, Thomas E. Spahn